《巴雷的截肢手术》; Ambroise Paré amputating leg on battlefield

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 详细介绍 / Introduction

外科之父巴雷（Ambroise Paré，1510 - 1590），是现代外科的奠基人之一。他发明了止血钳、双翼套管取石器械；完善了截肢手术、唇裂整形手术；提倡治疗骨折当动静结合， 即恢复期用运动疗法以促进功能恢复。巴雷对于截肢手术方面的重要改进之一是用血管结扎术替代了原先的烧灼止血法。虽然血管结扎术有时需要完成 50 余次的血管结扎、耗费更长的手术时间， 但患者的康复效果更佳。 《巴雷的截肢手术》由 Ernest Board 创作于 1912 年前后，呈现了巴雷使用血管结扎术进行的截肢手术。巴雷大夫既是外科学鼻祖，又是一名理发师。 战争将他征召到前线充当外科大夫，虽然没有麻醉和消毒杀菌技术，但他的改良截肢手术还是挽救了许多战士的生命。如今，外科成为一个令人崇敬和憧憬的学科，但许多人并不知道17世纪前， 它曾经地位卑微。 当时法国的外科医生与理发师同属于一个行业组织——外科及理发师协会。事实上，当时与血肉模糊的残破肢体打交道的外科医生地位低微，想要跻身这一协会还费了许多时日。 今天，在很多医学生课堂上，老师都以此画作提示学生，在枯燥的医学学习中看到艺术、看到灵性，看到人性和使命。唯如此，医学职业才有意义。

Ambroise Paré (1510-1590), known as the father of surgery, was one of the pioneers of modern surgery. He invented hemostatic forceps, double-bladed lithotomy knives, and other surgical instruments that are still used today. Paré improved amputation surgery and cleft lip reconstruction surgery. He believed that fractures should be treated using a combination of rest and exercise during the recovery period to promote functional recovery. One of Paré’s significant improvements in amputation surgery was replacing the original cauterization method of hemostasis with vascular ligation. Although vascular ligation sometimes required more than 50 ligatures and took longer to perform, it resulted in better recovery outcomes. "Ambroise Paré amputating leg on battlefield" is a painting created by Ernest Board around 1912. It depicts Dr. Ambroise Paré performing an amputation using vascular ligation. Dr. Paré was not only a pioneer in surgery but also a barber-surgeon. During the war, he was enlisted to serve as a field surgeon. Despite the lack of anesthesia and sterilization techniques, his improved amputation surgery saved the lives of many soldiers. Today, surgery is a highly respected and desired discipline. However, many people are unaware that prior to the 17th century, it had a humble social status. French surgeons were even part of the same professional organization as barbers - the Society of Surgeons and Barbers. It took many years for surgeons, who worked with bloodied and mangled limbs, to be accepted into this organization.Today, in many medical school classrooms, teachers use this painting as a prompt for students to appreciate the role of art, spirituality, and humanity in the sometimes-dull study of medicine. It reveals that the medical profession is endowed with great meaning and purpose.